ABSTRACT
Current literatures have shown that a group of endogenous non-coding RNA molecules about 22-24 nucleotides long, termed as microRNA (miRNA, miR), not only widely exists in many organisms, but also plays a significant role in the occurrence and development of tumor. Recent studies have reported that miR-21, which is an important member of miRNAs family, closely related to the occurrence, growth, metastasis and prognosis of various malignant tumors such as lung cancer, gastric cancer and cervical carcinoma, and so on. It suggests that miR-21 might be used as a new target of clinical diagnosis and treatment of various tumors. The related research progress in the relationship between miR-21 and tumors is reviewed in this paper.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the efficacy and safety of reduced osmolarity oral rehydration salts (ROORS) in treatment of mild to moderate dehydration caused by acute diarrhea in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, positive drug controlled clinical trial was conducted in 125 cases aged 1 to 17 years. These children with acute diarrhea and signs of dehydration were randomly assigned to receive either ROORS (trial group, n = 62) or oral rehydration salts II (ORS II) (control group, n = 63). The volume of intravenous infusion were recorded. The improvements of systemic symtoms and signs, diarrhea, dehydration and total scores were compared between the two groups. The adverse events and changes of electrolyte and other laboratory tests during treatment were also observed and analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The overall effective rates in trial group and control group were 96.8% and 96.8%, respectively. The recovery of systemic symptoms, dehydration signs and diarrhea occurred in 96%, 97% and 78% patients in trial groups, and 96%, 98% and 85% patients in control group. The scores of symptoms and signs in both groups decreased significantly after treatment. All the above parameters and the number of cases who needed intravenous infusion (41 vs. 39) were not statistically different between two groups. However, the average volume of intravenously infused fluids in trial group was (450.98 +/- 183.07) ml, 24.5% less than that in the control group (597.30 +/- 343.37) ml (P < 0.05). The mean serum Na(+) concentration elevated from (137.48 +/- 4.55) mmol/L to (139.52 +/- 3.25) mmol/L (P < 0.01) in control group after treatment, but the change was not statistically significant in trail group. Serum K(+), Cl(-), HCO(3)(-) and other laboratory result did not change significantly after treatment. The total scores in both groups decreased obviously after treatment, but no significant difference was demonstrated between two groups (P > 0.05). A case in trial group had mild abdominal distention and recovered spontaneously.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ROORS was shown to be effective and safe in the treatment of mild and moderate dehydration induced by acute diarrhea. Compared to ORS II, ROORS could decrease the intravenous supplement of fluid and lower the risk of hypernatremia.</p>